This index tracks the value of works by 16th-century Flemish masters including Quentin Matsys, Joos van Cleve, and Pieter Coecke van Aelst who developed Northern Renaissance painting in Antwerp. Measures appreciation for Flemish technical mastery, religious and portrait painting excellence, and Northern European Renaissance contributions. Key indicator for Old Master market strength, Flemish painting appreciation, and museum-quality Northern Renaissance work performance representing European painting tradition foundations and technical excellence.
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